생명과학1 8강 정리

1. growth factor : G0기에 있던 세포가 세포 주기를 진행하도록 만드는 신호 분자

[Cell cycle-the orderly series of events from cell formation  to cell division]

interphase : 90% of cell cycle / G1, S, G2
-Gap 1 : cell does what it is supposed to do >> function   ex : pancreatic cells make insulin

-S phase : DNA synthesis
-Gap 2 : prepare proteins needed for cell divdsion
++Actively dividing : skin, lining of stomach
Occasionally : liver(if it damaged)
Never : neurons

M phase : 1. nuclear(mitosis or meiosis) 2. cytoplasmic(cytokinesis)

[PMAT]
(1)Prophase>>Prepare
Gap2 state
-DNA loose, uncoiled(it is being used)
-in the nucleus
Events :
-make DNA into meveable form(supercoiling)
-free DNA to move(no nucleus)
-need a mover(spindles/centrioles, bundlefiber)

(2)Metaphase>>Middle
-fivers attach to centromere "poles">centriole locations
**growth factor, density-dependent inhibition
Anaphase>>Apart
Telophase>>Tidy up

Chromosome type

(1)size

(2)position of centromere

(3)unique gene number and identity

*ploidy number : how many types??

>>humans  n=23 / fruitflies  n=4

*ploidy condition : homw many of each type??

>>n:haploid / 2n:diploid / 3n:triploid